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Saturday, November 6, 2010

Psychological Intelligence Concepts - Study Guide

intelligence

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

general intelligence – g 

a general intelligence factor that Spearmen and other believed underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test; underlying factor of all forms of intelligence

mental age

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

intelligence quotient – IQ

mental age divided by chronological age, times 100

savant syndrome

condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or memorization

ego-resiliency 

capacity to modulate and monitor an ever-changing complex of desires and reality constraints; able to regulate impulses to enviornment

aptitude test

intends to predict your ability to learn a new skill

achievement test

intends to reflect what you have already learned

mental retardation

low IQ and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of independent living; IQ<70

down syndrome

condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup

giftedness

unusually high ability in any area; innate

stereotype threat

a self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype

multiple intelligences theory

nine separate intelligences, not one single underlying intelligence

emotional intelligence

ability to perceive, express, understand, and regulate emotions.

Perceive

recognizing emotions conveyed by faces, musical excerpts, graphic designs and stories

Understand

recognizing how emotions change over time, predicting different emotions, apprehending how emotions blend

Regulate

rating alternative strategies that one could use when facing various real-life dilemmas

analytic intelligence

solving well-defined problems that have a single correct answer

creative intelligence

adapting to novel situations and generating novel ideas

practical intelligence

required for everyday tasks; multiple solutions to a problem

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